Uma revisão das definições de “esforço” nos artigos publicados no Journal of the Experimental Behavior Analysis (JEAB) e Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i5.45975Palavras-chave:
Esforço físico, Comportamento, Revisão sistemática.Resumo
Por meio de uma revisão da literatura, este trabalho mapeou as concepções analítico comportamentais de “esforço” apresentadas nos dois primeiros periódicos especializados em análise do comportamento: JEAB e JABA. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar, organizar e apresentar diferentes conceituações da definição de esforço nas publicações analítico-comportamentais, bem como categorizar as manipulações experimentais utilizadas para investigar essa variável em estudos publicados no JEAB e no JABA. Foram selecionados artigos que delimitavam “esforço” como uma das variáveis experimentais. Foram encontradas quatro categorias de definições de “esforço”: (1) esforço como exigências do esquema de reforço; (2) esforço como exigência física requerida para cada resposta; (3) esforço como requisitos de distância ou altura; (4) esforço como complexidade geral da tarefa. Observou-se maior preponderância de manipulações da Categoria 2 nos artigos do JEAB, e da Categoria 3 no JABA. A despeito da variedade nas definições de esforço, observa-se que (a) é um conceito que descreve uma característica intrínseca da resposta se considerarmos que qualquer ação exige algum nível de esforço e que (b) sua definição varia de acordo com o arranjo de contingências no qual o organismo se comporta.
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