Comparative analysis of quality indicators and regulatory compliance of milk in different rural properties in the municipality of Aparecida, state of Paraíba (PB), Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i3.48408Keywords:
Raw milk, Cryoscopy, Food safety.Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the quality of milk produced in different rural properties in the municipality of Aparecida, PB, comparing indicators such as pH, acidity, density, fat content, and cryoscopy, and verifying compliance with regulations established by the Ministry of Agriculture. The research involved collecting milk samples from five producers over a period of 30 days, with physico-chemical analyses conducted in triplicate. The results indicated that most producers met the parameters required by legislation, with producer P1 standing out for presenting better results in acidity and density, reflecting proper management and refrigeration practices. However, variations were observed in some parameters, such as acidity and density, suggesting that adopting more rigorous temperature control and feeding practices could improve milk quality. The study contributes to understanding the variability in local milk production and reinforces the importance of implementing good practices to ensure compliance with sanitary standards and food safety.
Downloads
References
Azevedo, R. A., Lage, C. F. A., Silper, B. F., Neto, H. D., Quigley, J. D., & Coelho, S. G. (2023). Invited review: Total solids concentration in milk or milk replacer for dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 2023.
Aydogdu, T., O’Mahony, J. A., & McCarthy, N. A. (2023). pH, the Fundamentals for Milk and Dairy Processing: A Review. Dairy, 4(3), 395-409, 2023.
Beber, C. L., Langer, G., & Meyer, J. (2021). Strategic actions for a sustainable internationalization of agri-food supply chains: The case of the dairy industries from Brazil and Germany. Sustainability, 13(19), 10873, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910873
Brasil. (2022). Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Métodos Oficiais para Análise de Produtos de Origem Animal. Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuária. – Brasília: BRASIL, 2022.
Brasil. (2006). Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Métodos analíticos oficiais físico-químicos para controle de leite e produtos lácteos. Instrução Normativa nº 68, de 12 de dezembro de 2006. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, 2006.
Brasil. (2018). Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Instrução Normativa nº 76, de 26 de novembro de 2018. Regulamenta os critérios de qualidade do leite cru refrigerado.
Fiorillo, V., & Amico, B. M. (2024). Biagio Maria. Milk quality and economic sustainability in dairy farming: A systematic review of performance indicators. Dairy, 5(3), 384-402, 2024.
Hassen, A., Ahmed, R., Alam, M. S., Chavula, P., Mohammed, S. S., & Dawid, A (2022). The effect of feed supplementation on cow milk productivity and quality: a brief study. Int. J. Agric. Vet. Sci, 4(1), 13-25, 2022.
Hanuš, O., Kučera, J., Samková, E., Němečková, I., Čítek, J., Kopec, T., ... & Elich, O. (2021). Raw cow milk protein stability under natural and technological conditions of environment by analysis of variance. Foods, 10(9), 2017, 2021.
IAL. Instituto Adolfo Lutz. (2008). Métodos físico-químicos para análise de alimentos. (4ª ed., 1ª ed. Digital), São Paulo. 1020p.
Ionescu, A. D., Cîrîc, A. I., & Begea, M. (2023). A review of milk frauds and adulterations from a technological perspective. Applied Sciences, 13(17), 9821, 2023. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179821
Leone, C., Thippareddi, H., Ndiaye, C., Niang, I., Diallo, Y., & Singh, M. (2022). Safety and Quality of Milk and Milk Products in Senegal—A Review. Foods, 11(21), 3479, 2022.
Lilian, A., Njue, L. G., & Abong, G. O. (2023). Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices in Milk Processing Companies in Nairobi County and Microbial Contamination of Milk and Milk Products. Asian Food Science Journal, 22(12), 11-22, 2023.
Kaushik, R., Kumar, A., Phogat, R., Gehlot, R., & Rani, N. (2024). Principles of Food Analysis and Food Laws. In: Frontiers in Food Biotechnology. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, p. 363-397, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3261-6_21
Martin, N. H., Evanowski, R. L., & Wiedmann, M. (2023). Invited review: Redefining raw milk quality Evaluation of raw milk microbiological parameters to ensure high-quality processed dairy products. Journal of Dairy Science, 106(3), 1502-1517, 2023.
Mihajlović, L., Cincović, M., Nakov, D., Stanković, B., Miočinović, J., & Hristov, S. (2022). Improvement of hygiene practices and milk hygiene due to systematic implementation of preventive and corrective measures. Acta Veterinaria, 72(1), 76-86, 2022.
Ntuli, V., Sibanda, T., Elegbeleye, J. A., Mugadza, D. T., Seifu, E., & Buys, E. M. (2023). Dairy production: microbial safety of raw milk and processed milk products. In: Present knowledge in food safety. Academic Press, 2023. p. 439-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819470-6.00076-7
Nyokabi, S. N., de Boer, I. J., Luning, P. A., Korir, L., Lindahl, J., Bett, B., & Oosting, S. J. (2021). Milk quality along dairy farming systems and associated value chains in Kenya: An analysis of composition, contamination and adulteration. Food Control, 119, 107482, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.10748
Oliveira, L. S., de Oliveira Felisberto, N. R., Nogueira, D. M., Silva, A. F., Biagioli, B., Gonzalez-Esquivel, C. E., & de Almeida Teixeira, I. A. M (2022). Typology of dairy goat production systems in a semiarid region of Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 216, 106777, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106777
Okpala, C. O. R., & Korzeniowska, M. (2023). Understanding the relevance of quality management in agro-food product industry: From ethical considerations to assuring food hygiene quality safety standards and its associated processes. Food Reviews International, 39(4), 1879-1952, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2021.1938600
Patil, G. B., Wani, S. P., Bafna, P. S., Bagul, V. S., Kalaskar, M. G., & Mutha, R. E. (2024). Milk adulteration: From detection to health impact. Food and Humanity, p. 100339, 2024.
Pereira, A., S; Shitsuka, D. M; Parreira F., J; & Shitsuka, R; (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [free e-book]. Editora da UAB/NTE/UFSM, Santa Maria-RS.1° Ed., 2018.
Razzaghi, A., Ghaffari, M. H., & Rico, D. E. (2023). The impact of environmental and nutritional stresses on milk fat synthesis in dairy cows. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 83, 106784, 2023.
Schaefer, J., Etges, B. I., & Schaefer, J. L. (2023). A Literature Database Review of the Competitive Factors That Influence the Production and Use of Whey in the Brazilian Dairy Industry. Foods, 12(18), 3348, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12183348
Silva, Ff. D. A., Azevedo, C. D., & Silva, F. A. S. (2002). Versão do programa computacional Assistat para o sistema operacional Windows. Revista Brasileira de Produtos Agroindustriais, 4(1), 71-78, 2002. http://dx.doi. org/10.15871/1517- 8595/rbpa.v4n1p71-78.
Shitsuka, R; Shitsuka, C. D. W. M; & Shitsuka, R. I. C. M. (2013). Matemática fundamental para tecnologia. (2ed.). Editora Erica.
Ströher, J. A., dos Santos Jr, L. C. O., & dos Santos Nunes, M. R. (2024). Avaliação das práticas de coleta de leite cru refrigerado por transportadores no Rio Grande do Sul. Revista Semiárido De Visu, 12(1), 107-118, 2024.
Vieira, S. (2021). Introdução à bioestatística. (6ª.ed.). Editora GEN/Guanabara Koogan.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Thamires Queiroga dos Santos; Ayla Dayane Ferreira de Sá; Leidiana Elias Xavier; Arthur Fernandes Araújo; Maiane da Silva Barbosa Gonzaga; Uliana Karina Lopes de Medeiros

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.